Carbon Steel Piping Materials & ASTM Grades

Carbon steel is the fundamental material for industrial process piping due to its high tensile strength and versatility. Its performance depends heavily on the deoxidization manufacturing process—specifically, using fully “killed” steel to prevent porosity—and selecting the correct ASTM grade. While ASTM A106 (seamless) is mandated for high-temperature, high-pressure environments, ASTM A53 (welded or seamless) is … Read more

50 Piping Interview Questions and Answers (2026): Codes, Materials, Fittings & Stress

50 piping interview questions and answers 2026 – Aienginear guide covering ASME B31.3, B16.5 flanges, materials and stress analysis

50 piping interview questions and answers for 2026 by Aienginear — NPS and schedules, ASTM materials, fittings, ASME B16.5 flanges, B31.3 hydrotest and pneumatic testing, and pipe stress analysis, with printable tables, a self-test quiz and a free PDF.

Piping Materials Interview Questions and Answers (2026): ASTM Grades, Steels and Selection

Piping materials interview questions and answers 2026 – ASTM A106, A333, A335, A312 and duplex pipe grades – Aienginear

55 piping materials interview questions (2026): ASTM A106, A333, A335, A312 grades, CS vs SS vs duplex, MTC, PMI, PWHT and sour service, with printable tables.

50+ Piping Codes and Standards Interview Questions and Answers (2026)

Piping codes and standards interview questions 2026 – Aienginear guide to ASME B31, B16, BPVC and API 570

55 piping codes and standards interview questions and answers for 2026 by Aienginear — ASME B31.1 vs B31.3, the full B31 family (incl. B31.12 and withdrawn B31.11), ASME B16 and MSS SP standards, BPVC Sections II, V, VIII and IX, and API 570, with printable tables and a self-test quiz.

Pipe Fittings Manufacturing Process: Elbows, Tees, Reducers and Caps (2026 Guide)

Pipe fittings manufacturing process guide by Aienginear covering elbows, tees, reducers, caps and stub ends to ASME B16.9-2024

How pipe fittings are manufactured: hot mandrel and cold-formed elbows, hydraulic bulge and hot extrusion tees, reducers, caps and stub ends, with ASME B16.9-2024 and ASTM A234/A403 heat treatment and testing rules.

Heat Exchangers: Types, Working Principle, TEMA Design and Maintenance Guide

Heat exchangers explained by a turnaround engineer: how they work, every major type, TEMA AES/BEM/BEU designations, a worked LMTD sizing example, typical U and fouling values, current codes (TEMA 11th ed., ASME VIII, API 660/661/662), materials, damage mechanisms, tube NDT and a step-by-step maintenance procedure with printable tables and calculators.